Ismailov Alisher,
DSc, docent, Researcher, Tashkent Financial Institute, Tashkent Uzbekistan
Email: alisher_bankir_595@mail.ru
Abstract Ensuring the liquidity of commercial banks is a prerequisite for ensuring their competitiveness and meeting the needs of business entities. This necessitates the identification of problems associated with ensuring the liquidity of commercial banks and a scientific study of the possibility of solving these problems. At the same time, in the commercial banks of the republic there is a deepening of the problem of unbalanced liquidity. And this is explained by the deepening of the risk of transformation and the large amount of overdue loans in banks. Therefore, the issue of unbalanced liquidity is the central issue of providing liquidity in commercial banks. In turn, the very low share of all investments in highly liquid securities in the volume of assets of commercial banks negatively affects the practice of providing liquidity. The Central Bank of the Republic of Uzbekistan uses two financial ratios to assess the liquidity of commercial banks – the instant liquidity ratio and the current liquidity ratio. There are two problems associated with the use of these coefficients: 1. The minimum standard level of the instant liquidity ratio, based on world experience, was set at 0.20, but the Central Bank was forced to reduce it to 0.10. A significant decrease in the normative level of the instant liquidity ratio is explained by the high level of the share of demand deposits in the volume of gross deposits and the presence of the problem of unbalanced liquidity in banks. In turn, the decrease in the normative level of the instant liquidity ratio negatively affects the liquidity of commercial banks. 2. The Central Bank of Uzbekistan has set the standard level of the current liquidity ratio for commercial banks at the level of 0.30 (this ratio is calculated according to the methodology of the Central Bank of France). However, in world practice, the normative level of the current liquidity ratio, calculated according to the methodology of the Central Bank of France, is 1.0. The article identifies the problems associated with ensuring the liquidity of commercial banks of the Republic of Uzbekistan and developed scientific proposals aimed at solving these problems.
Key words: commercial bank, liquidity, unbalanced liquidity, loan, reserve, security, deposit.